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Periodontal (gum) disease is known to be caused by dental plaque which is a sticky film that forms on teeth. Periodontal disease include gingivitis (more superficial disease) and periodontitis (disease that destroy the bone and other supporting tissues of the teeth).  Gingivitis is common and can lead to the more serious periodontitis. Gingivitis and peirodontitis can affect one tooth or many teeth. The best way to prevent gingivitis and periodontitis is to practice good oral hygiene, brushing and flossing, and to seek regular professional cleaning.  Some of the factors that can affect the development and/or progression of gingivitis and periodontitis include the following.

• Smoking/Tobacco Use
• Genetics
• Hormonal changes in women during puberty, pregnancy and menopause.
• Stress
• Medications
• Clenching or Grinding Your Teeth
• Systemic diseases such as diabetes
• Immune compromising diseases and medications