A: According to periodontal research papers published in the 1990’s, the ingredients in different toothpastes do not seem to make any significant differences in preventing dental plaque formation or removal of dental plaque.  Ingredients such as fluoride have been proven to reduce the incidence of dental caries (cavities) development.  The most important factor in preventing gum disease seems to be the proper mechanical action of tooth brushes and dental floss.  So, learn the proper way of brushing and flossing with your dentist or dental hygienist.

Q: “Are certain tooth brushes better than others?  I mean are sonic brushes better than electric or manual brushes?”

A: Some people will say that certain brands are better than others.  All I can say as a scientist is what I can read in scientific journals.  When people went through clinical trials comparing the effectiveness of dental plaque removal of motorized brushes and manual brushes (regular tooth brushes), there were not any meaningful difference in their effectiveness.  However, some people may benefit from using motorized toothbrushes.  These people may include the elderly or people who do not have good manual dexterity.

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1. How about antibiotics?  When do you use them?

For most periodontitis, antibiotics are not used.  Some clinicians and researchers advocate the use of antibiotics in treating periodontal disease.  Researches, however, shown little evidence for the routine use of antibiotics in treating periodontal disease.  Some periodontal diseases, such as localized or generalized aggressive periodontitis may benefit from the systemic use of antibiotics.  If you decide to use antibiotics in treating periodontal disease, please be sure that you have a sound rationale behind your choice.  Local application of antibiotics may be useful in some cases, but the routine use of it is not warranted.  Many research papers show significant improvement in clinical attachment gain and probing depth reduction over scaling and root planing alone when antibiotics are used locally with scaling and root planing.  Whether the improvement is clinically significant should be carefully considered.

2.  What kind of improvement can I expect after scaling and root planing moderately deep pockets (5 – 6 mm deep)?

The improvement you can expect after scaling root planing 5- 6 mm pockets is about 1 mm reduction in probing depth.  You can expect more reduction in probing depth if the pockets are edematous and severely inflamed since more shrinkage of soft tissue will occur after healing.  In areas where the soft tissues are usually thick, such as the distal of the second molars, the reduction of probing depth will be negligible.  The soft tissues are usually fibrous and do not shrink much after scaling and root planing.

Flames can be dangerous. If the food you are grilling is too close to the flames, raise the grate to keep a safe distance between the food and flames. Before putting food on the grate, make sure the flames have died down and your grate is at appropriate distance from the heat source. You can use a water spray bottle to douse the flame a little if the flames start burning your food.

Different types of food require different temperature and cooking time. Study your recipe and determine what the cooking temperature and cooking time are before your start barbecuing. Chicken or turkey will require different cooking temperature from beef or pork. Even with the same type of meat, different cuts will require different cooking temperate and time. Make sure to monitor the cooking temperature with a barbecuing thermometer.

Have proper barbecuing tools and utensils handy. Don’t try to flip your burger patties with your table knife; you can easily get burned. Right tools make all the difference, just like in your dental practice. Make sure you have a pair of long tongs, long spatulas, long forks and so on.

When you are all done grilling, be sure to clean your grate for the next use. It is easy to clean while it is still warm. Use the grate wire brush specially made for barbecue grates. Cleaning sprays are available to help keep your barbecue grate in top shape.

Have fun grilling, but always keep in mind that safety comes first.